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- $Unique_ID{BRK03200}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{levodopa}
- $Subject{Dopar Norwich Eaton Larodopa Roche Antiparkinsonism agent levodopa
- Parkinson's disease dopamine brain}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 Publications International, Ltd.
-
-
- levodopa
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- BRAND NAMES (Manufacturers)
-
- Dopar (Norwich Eaton)
- Larodopa (Roche)
-
- TYPE OF DRUG
-
- Antiparkinsonism agent
-
- INGREDIENT
-
- levodopa
-
- DOSAGE FORMS
-
- Tablets (100 mg, 250 mg, and 500 mg)
- Capsules (100 mg, 250 mg, and 500 mg)
-
- STORAGE
-
- Levodopa tablets and capsules should be stored at room temperature in
- tightly closed, light-resistant containers.
-
- USES
-
- Levodopa is used to treat the symptoms of Parkinson's disease. It is
- converted in the body to dopamine, a chemical in the brain that is diminished
- in patients with Parkinson's disease.
-
- TREATMENT
-
- In order to avoid stomach irritation, you can take levodopa with food or
- with a full glass of milk or water (unless your doctor directs you to do
- otherwise).
- You may not observe significant benefit from this drug for two to three
- weeks after starting to take it.
- If you miss a dose, take the missed dose as soon as possible, unless it
- is within two hours of the next scheduled dose. In that case, do not take the
- missed dose at all; just return to your regular dosing schedule. Do not
- double the next dose.
-
- SIDE EFFECTS
-
- Minor.
-
- Abdominal pain, anxiety, bitter taste in the mouth, constipation,
- diarrhea, dizziness, dry mouth, fatigue, flushing, gas, headache, hiccups,
- hoarseness, increased hand tremors, increased sexual interest, increased
- sweating, insomnia, loss of appetite, nausea, offensive body odor, salivation,
- vision changes, vomiting, weakness, or weight gain. These side effects may
- disappear as your body adjusts to the medication.
- Levodopa can cause a darkening of your urine or sweat. This is a
- harmless effect.
- To relieve constipation, increase the amount of fiber in your diet (fresh
- fruits and vegetables, salads, bran, and whole-grain breads), drink more
- water, and exercise (unless your doctor directs you to do otherwise).
- If you feel dizzy, sit or lie down for a while; get up slowly from a
- sitting or reclining position, and be careful on stairs.
- To relieve mouth dryness, chew sugarless gum or suck on ice chips or a
- piece of hard candy.
-
- Major.
-
- Tell your doctor about any side effects that are persistent or
- particularly bothersome. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- bloody or black, tarry stools; confusion; convulsions; depression; fainting;
- false sense of well-being; loss of coordination; loss of hair; nightmares;
- painful erection; palpitations; rapid weight gain (three to five pounds within
- a week); skin rash; visual disturbances; uncontrolled movements; or unusual
- weakness.
-
- INTERACTIONS
-
- Levodopa interacts with several other types of medications:
- 1. The dosage of antihypertensive drugs may require adjustment when
- levodopa is started.
- 2. The effectiveness of levodopa may be decreased by benzodiazepine
- tranquilizers, phenothiazine tranquilizers, haloperidol, thiothixene,
- phenytoin, papaverine, and reserpine.
- 3. Methyldopa can increase or decrease the side effects of therapy with
- levodopa.
- 4. Use of levodopa and a monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitor within 14 days
- of each other can lead to severe side effects.
- 5. Levodopa can increase the side effects of tricyclic antidepressants,
- ephedrine, and amphetamines.
- 6. Antacids may alter the absorption of levodopa from the
- gastrointestinal tract.
- 7. Pyridoxine (vitamin B) can decrease the effectiveness of levodopa.
- BE SURE TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about any medications you are currently
- taking, especially those listed above.
-
- WARNINGS
-
- * Tell your doctor about unusual or allergic reactions you have had to
- any medications, especially to levodopa.
- * Before starting to take this medication, be sure to tell your doctor if
- you now have or if you have ever had asthma, diabetes mellitus, difficulty in
- urinating, epilepsy, glaucoma, heart disease, hormone disorders, kidney
- disease, liver disease, lung disease, melanoma (a type of skin cancer), mental
- disorders, or peptic ulcers.
- * Some of these products contain the color additive FD&C Yellow No. 5
- (tartrazine), which can cause allergic-type symptoms (difficulty in breathing,
- faintness, or rash) in certain susceptible individuals.
- * If levodopa makes you dizzy or blurs your vision, avoid activities that
- require alertness, such as driving a car or operating potentially dangerous
- machinery.
- * Notify your doctor if you start to experience any uncontrolled
- movements of the limbs or face while taking this medication.
- * Before having surgery or any other medical or dental treatment, be
- sure to tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication.
- * Levodopa can cause erroneous readings of urine glucose and ketone
- tests. Diabetic patients should not change their medication dosage unless
- they first check with their doctor.
- * Pyridoxine (vitamin B) can decrease the effectiveness of levodopa.
- Persons taking levodopa should avoid taking this vitamin and should avoid
- foods rich in pyridoxine (including beans, bacon, avocados, liver, dry skim
- milk, oatmeal, sweet potatoes, peas, and tuna).
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Although levodopa
- appears to be safe in humans, birth defects have been reported in the
- offspring of animals that were administered large doses during pregnancy.
- Also, tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding an infant. Levodopa passes
- into breast milk and can cause side effects in nursing infants.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-